Forming Technologies

Cold Pressing
Utilizing the plastic deformation properties of metals at room temperature, pressure is applied to flatten microscopic convex peaks on the workpiece surface, thereby reducing surface roughness. High pressure is exerted within the mold cavity to produce dense formed blanks, with processes including surface rolling and surface extrusion. It is suitable for materials such as polycarbonate and polypropylene. Cold pressing can enhance the tensile strength and elastic modulus of the material significantly.

Forging
Select appropriate metal materials and perform necessary pretreatment such as cutting and cleaning. Heat the metal blank to a specific temperature to improve its plasticity and reduce deformation resistance. Under the impact or pressure of a forging hammer or press, the metal blank undergoes plastic flow in the mold to form the desired shape (the metal can deform freely in all directions under impact or pressure). Forgings produced in specialized molds feature precise dimensions. After forging, the workpiece is cooled to stabilize its shape and performance, followed by heat treatment, machining, and surface treatment to further improve its performance and accuracy.

2-Welded 90 Long Radius Elbow for High-Pressure Piping

Mandrel Forming
Design the appropriate shaft shape and size according to processing requirements, and use precision metal processing technologies such as turning and grinding to produce high-precision mandrels. Install the manufactured mandrel on processing equipment (e.g., lathes or grinders) and debug it to ensure stable support for the workpiece. When processing thin-walled metal pipes, a mandrel is often inserted into the pipe cavity to provide radial support, preventing deformation during turning and achieving high-precision processing.

Size Ranges

The 90-degree long radius elbow is widely used in petroleum, chemical, natural gas, and other fields, with specifications and dimensions complying with multiple standard systems. The following are detailed dimensions (in millimeters) based on the national standard GB/T 12459-2017 and ASME B16.9:

★ GB/T 12459-2017 Standard

Nominal Diameter DN	Outer Diameter D	Length Radius R
15	21.3	22.5
20	26.9	30
25	33.7	37.5
32	42.4	48.5
40	48.3	60
50	60.3	76.5
65	76.1	98.5
80	88.9	121.5
100	114.3	153
125	141.3	192
150	168.3	229.5
200	219.1	305
250	273	381
300	323.9	457.5
350	355.6	533.5
400	406.4	610
450	457	685.5
500	508	762
600	610	914.5
700	711	1067
800	813	1219.5
900	914	1372
1000	1016	1524
1100	1118	1676.5
1200	1219	1829

★ ASME B16.9 Standard

Nominal Diameter NPS (inches)	Outer Diameter OD	Length Radius R
1/2	21.3	38
3/4	26.7	51
1	33.4	64
1 1/4	42.2	76
1 1/2	48.3	89
2	60.3	102
2 1/2	73	127
3	88.9	152
4	114.3	203
5	139.7	254
6	168.3	305
8	219.1	406
10	273.1	508
12	323.9	610
14	355.6	711
16	406.4	813
18	457.2	914
20	508	1016
24	609.6	1219
30	762	1524
36	914.4	1829
42	1066.8	2134
48	1219.2	2438